The Resulting Variation in Nutrient Intake with the Inclusion of Walnuts in the Diets of Adults at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes
Complete Project
Title:
The Resulting Variation in Nutrient Intake with the Inclusion of Walnuts in the Diets of Adults at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes
Status:
Completed
Topic:
Nutrition / Diet
Funding Source:
California Walnut Commission
Funding Period:
7/2017-8/2017
Study Design:
Secondary Data Analysis of a Prior Randomized, Controlled, Cross-Over Trial
Purpose:
In a prior study, we found that including walnuts in the daily diets of adults at risk for type 2 diabetes improved their overall diet quality. After completing this study, we re-analyzed the data to learn what specific changes occurred in their nutrient intake due to including walnuts in their diets.
Further Study Details:
In the original study, we had asked 31 men and 81 women at risk for type 2 diabetes to include 56 grams (2 oz.) of walnuts in their daily diets for 6 months, and to exclude walnuts from their daily diets 6 6 months. The amount of walnuts consumed provided about 365 calories per day. We had randomly assigned the participants to groups that would either receive, or not receive, dietary advice to regulate their daily caloric intake while eating the walnuts. We had further randomized the members of each group to the order in which they followed their 2 dietary treatment phases (walnut-included/walnut-excluded or walnut-excluded/walnut-included diet), with a 3-month washout between treatment phases. Nutrient intake was assessed using a web-based Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment (ASA-24).
Findings:
Walnut inclusion led to a significantly greater intake of protein, magnesium, thiamin, total fat, and monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Vitamin C intake decreased significantly. Walnut inclusion led to an increase in total caloric intake when caloric intake was not regulated, but the increased caloric intake did not lead to any adverse effects on cardio-metabolic risk factors.
Eligibility:
Men and women at risk for Type 2 diabetes were included in the original study.
Yale-Griffin Prevention Research Center